SOLUTION: This narrative clue points to Mary Holmes College (originally Mary Holmes Seminary) in West Point. The clue describes the establishment of a school for African American young women, founded through a church mission, that was relocated to West Point after its initial iteration in a "larger city to the south" (Jackson, MS) was destroyed by fire. This aligns with the history of Mary Holmes Seminary, which was founded by the Presbyterian Board of Missions for Freedmen. Its first building in Jackson burned in 1895.
The narrative highlights the school being named in "tribute... to a generous, unseen woman from far away" (Mary Holmes of Rockford, Illinois, whose husband donated funds to establish the seminary in her memory after her death). The phrase "as the fresh century turned its face" refers to its re-establishment in West Point in the late 1890s/early 1900s. The focus on educating young women ("daughters of those who had known generations of hardship") to become beacons of knowledge and service in their communities reflects the historical mission of Mary Holmes College.